FABRIC TREATMENT VS FINISHES
Fabric treatments and finishes are often used interchangeably, but they refer to distinct processes in textile manufacturing. Fabric treatments primarily focus on enhancing the functional properties of a textile, such as water resistance, flame retardancy, or antimicrobial qualities.These processes typically involve applying chemical or physical substances to the fabric to alter its performance characteristics. In contrast, fabric finishes are broader, encompassing both functional and aesthetic modifications, including texture, luster, and drape.While treatments primarily address performance, finishes aim to improve both performance and appearance. Fabric finishes can include mechanical processes like calendaring or napping, which alter the fabric’s surface texture, or chemical processes like mercerizing, which enhances luster and dye uptake. Essentially, all treatments are finishes, but not all finishes are treatments. Finishes can be purely cosmetic, while treatments always serve a functional purpose.
| Antimicrobial | Antimicrobial fabric treatments inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi, reducing odors and enhancing hygiene. These treatments apply substances that prevent microbial proliferation, making them essential for bedding, healthcare textiles, and sports apparel. They help maintain a hygienic environment, reducing the risk of infections and unpleasant odors. These treatments are crucial for textiles that come into close contact with the skin, preventing the spread of harmful microorganisms. The effectiveness of these treatments can vary, with some offering long-lasting protection while others require periodic reapplication to maintain their antimicrobial properties. |
Backings
| Are applications applied to a fabric for stability, or blocking of liquid or light after the fabric is woven.
| 1. | Acrylic - upholstery - stability - mainly composed of synthetic polymer. | | 2. | Knit - upholstery - stability - made of woven fibers (cotton, polyester etc.) | | 3. | Crypton - upholstery to prevent liquid from penetrating through the fabric | | 4. | Durablock - upholstery to prevent liquid from penetrating through the fabric | | 5. | Blackout - drapery - to prevent the sun from penetrating the fabric to keep a room dark or to darken a room. |
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| Flame Retardant | Flame retardant fabric treatments apply chemicals that inhibit or slow down combustion, enhancing safety in applications where fire hazards exist. These treatments are vital for textiles used in public spaces, such as hotels, theaters and hospitals, as well as protective clothing for firefighters and industrial workers. The chemicals work by interfering with the combustion process, reducing the fabric’s flammability. These treatments are designed to minimize the risk of fire-related injuries and damage, providing crucial protection in environments where fire safety is a concern. The longevity of these treatments is typically durable, but can be impacted by cleaning. |
| Soil and Stain Finishes | Treatments are applied to the fabric or yarns before the yarns are woven or after the fabric is woven. There are multiple options, and terms/names a few are :
| 1. | Soil and stain | | 2. | Atla Finishes - there are multiple options available | | 3. | Crypton/Nanotex | | 4. | Fibreguard | | 5. | Antimicrobial/Antibacterial - helps to prevent the spreading or growth a bacteria on fabrics. |
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| UV Protection | UV protection fabric treatments apply substances that absorb or reflect ultraviolet radiation, preventing fabric fading and degradation. These treatments are essential for outdoor fabrics, swimwear, and protective clothing, extending the fabric’s lifespan and maintaining its appearance. They protect the fabric from sun damage, ensuring vibrant colors and preventing weakening of fibers. These treatments are particularly important in sunny climates, where prolonged exposure to UV rays can cause significant damage. The longevity of these treatments varies, with some offering permanent protection while others require reapplication. |
Water Repellent
| Water repellent fabric treatments apply hydrophobic substances to the fabric surface, causing water to bead and roll off, protecting it from moisture. These treatments are essential for outdoor furniture, where keeping dry is crucial. The hydrophobic substances create a barrier, preventing water from penetrating the fabric fibers. This treatment maintains breathability while providing effective protection against rain and spills, enhancing the fabric’s usability in wet conditions. The durability of these treatments varies, with some requiring reapplication after multiple washes to maintain their effectiveness. |
| Wrinkle Resistant | Wrinkle resistant fabric treatments minimize wrinkling by applying resins that crosslink fibers, maintaining a smooth appearance. These treatments reduce the fabric’s tendency to crease, simplifying garment care and ensuring a polished look with minimal ironing. They are essential for creating garments that require minimal upkeep, such as business attire and travel clothing. These treatments ensure a professional appearance throughout the day, saving time and effort on garment maintenance. The durability of these treatments is generally good, but repeated washing can gradually reduce their effectiveness. |
